How to study the milling cutter

• Straight teeth, milling cutter teeth are straight, and milling cutter axis parallel. But now the ordinary milling cutter has very few consecutive teeth.
• Because all the tooth length of the milling cutter contact with the workpiece and leave the workpiece at the same time.
• The latter tooth has gone; the latter tooth may not have contact with the workpiece, it is easy to produce vibration, affects the processing accuracy, and reduces the life of the milling cutter.

• Spiral tooth, this kind of milling cutter has a left-hand and right-hand difference, as shown in the figure.
• Because the cutter teeth are inclined around the cutter body, in the processing, the front teeth have not left, the back teeth have started cutting. In this way, there will be no vibration in the processing; the processing surface will be some light

• Tooth Milling Cutter, this kind of milling cutter easy to manufacture, therefore the application is also very wide.
• After the teeth of the milling cutter are blunt in the tool grinder with grinding wheel teeth after the face, the front face in the production of the West is already done, do not need to grind.

• Relieving Milling Cutter, this milling cutter is not flat flank, but a curve. The back face of the cutter made on a shoveling lathe.
• After the tooth relief milling cutter is blunt, it only needs to grind the front surface, but not the back cover.
• The characteristic of this kind of milling cutter is that it does not affect the shape of the cutter teeth when grinding the rake face

• INTEGRAL: the Cutter Body and the cutter teeth made into a whole.
• Manufacture is relatively simple, but large milling cutters generally do not make this kind of, because of the waste of materials.

• Welding type: the Cutter Teeth are made of hard alloy or other wear-resisting cutting tool material, and are brazed on the cutter body.

•  INSET: This milling cutter made of the ordinary steel body and the tool steel insert blade to the knife body.
• Most large milling cutters use this method. Using the inlay method to manufacture milling cutter can save tool steel material; at the same time, if one of the cutter teeth is worn out, it can be removed to replace a good, do not have to sacrifice the whole milling cutter.
• However, because of the limited position of small-size milling cutters, it can not use inlaid teeth.

• Indexable type: A milling cutter that mechanically clips a polygonal blade capable of being indexable onto a cutter bar or body.

In cutting, when a point is blunt, the blade is rotated, and another location is used. The knife is dull and is not reground. Indexable milling cutters have the following advantages over other types of milling cutters:

1. The defects of easy to produce crack during brazing of cemented carbide avoided.
2. The indexable inserts are suitable for depositing thin layers of harder materials such as titanium carbide, titanium nitride, and aluminum oxide on the surface of cemented carbide inserts by vapor deposition to improve the cutting performance.
3. Short Tool Change Time;
4. Because the indexable inserts are standardized and centrally produced, the geometric parameters of the advertisements are easy to agree, and the chip control is stable.

1. Cylindrical Milling Cutter

Cylindrical Milling Cutter is also called a plain milling cutter. This kind of milling cutter mounted on a slender cutter shaft, so it is necessary to pay special attention to the direction of rotation; the solid line is correct, the dotted line is wrong.

2. End Mills

Shank type milling cutter with cutting Edge on peripheral surface and bottom.

Because the end milling cutter involves more, so we slowly understand, first we know the end milling cutter application and the name of various parts, here with a few pictures to let you know.

And then we’ll talk about the relationship between the number of blades and rigidity. The bigger the chip-containing groove, the smaller its rigidity, the lower the chip-containing slot, the higher its stiffness. In short, the lower the number of blades, the smaller the rigidity, the more the number of modules, and the higher the rigidity.

3. End Mills

The end milling cutter is a kind of cutting tool which uses the cutter teeth on the top of the cutter to perform cutting work.

If the diameter of the milling cutter is smaller than the machining surface of the workpiece, the cutter teeth on the circumference of the milling cutter can also perform the cutting work by milling the surface of a workpiece several times.

4.Face Milling Cutter

The leading Cutting Edge of the face milling cutter distributed on the surface of the cylinder or cone, the end cutting Edge is the leading cutting edge, and the side cutting edge distributed on the end face and mainly used for processing step surface and plane, high production efficiency.

Click this link to know more about the wear of the inserts:https://lantis-cuttool.com/wear-and-tear-of-cutting-tools/

5. Keyway milling cutter

Keyway milling cutter generally only two-blade, cylindrical surface and end face have cutting Edge. When processing, the first axial feed to reach the groove depth, and then along the keyway direction milling out keyway length.

They mainly used for processing round head closed keyway. But there are many kinds of keyways, such as a keyway is the rounded bottom, the key is semicircular, called a curved key.

Then the milling cutter for this keyway is drawn around keyway milling cutter

6. Disk Milling Cutter

DISC MILLING CUTTER: double-sided Edge, processing step surface; three-sided Edge (can be divided into straight teeth, staggered teeth and inlaid teeth), processing slot; Slot Milling Cutter, processing groove, Horizontal Milling Machine.

7. t-slot milling cutter

Generally, there is an at-slot machine; this t-slot milling method is first milling a straight slot and then use an at-slot milling cutter to milling out the bottom of the flat slot, as shown in the figure.

8. Dovetail Slot Milling Cutter

Dovetail Slot Milling Cutter is used to milling a dovetail slot.

9. Side Milling Cutter

The side milling cutter mainly used for milling Groove, so milling cutter on the three sides has a blade; that is, both parties and circumference have an edge. Side milling cutters are also divided into two; one is the circumference of the teeth of the blade and axis-parallel, as shown in figure 1;

the other teeth of the module are staggered, as shown in figure 2.

The second one has a more massive chip clearance than the first one and is easier to cut, so a higher cutting speed and feed can be used.

But this kind of milling cutter has a big flaw: after the milling cutter is blunt, the three sides of the blade must be reground, can be used again.

So there are two sides of the knife blade than the original narrow, and then milling out of the groove is smaller than before.

If you want to keep the slot width the same, you can use two side milling cutter together, as shown in the figure, the gasket can replace the middle of the two milling cutter, so you can adjust the thickness of the gasket to fit the milling cutter width and narrow.

10. Mould Milling Cutter

Die Milling Cutter is evolved from end milling cutter, mainly used for machining die cavity or punch forming surface. According to the working part, a shape can be divided into three cone-shaped flat heads, cylindrical, spherical head, cone-shaped spherical head.

Carbide Mould Milling Cutter is widely used.

It can be used to clean the burrs of casting, forging and welding parts, and finish some forming surfaces.

The utility model can be mounted on pneumatic or an electric tool, and tens of times increase the production efficiency and durability of the milling cutter compared with grinding wheels and files.

11. Saw Blade Cutter

The saw blade milling cutter is a kind of milling cutter which is used to cut material or process a narrow groove on the outer circumference of cutting Edge.

12. Angle cutters

Angle Milling Cutter: For Milling into a certain angle of the groove, there are single-angle and double-angle milling cutters.

13. Thread cutters

Thread Milling Cutter, as the name suggests, is used to process the thread of the milling cutter.

14. Form Milling Cutter

The forming cutter is used to process the forming surface. The profile of the cutter teeth is determined according to the profile of the workpiece to be processed.

1.High-speed tool path

The CAD / Cam System can achieve high cutting accuracy by precisely controlling the arc length of the feeding tool in the high-speed cycloidal tool path. When the milling cutter cut into the corner or cut into other complex geometry, eat the amount of cutter will not increase.

To take full advantage of this technological advance, tool manufacturers have designed and developed advanced small-diameter milling cutters. Using a high-speed tool path, the small-diameter milling cutter can cut more workpiece materials per unit time and obtain a higher metal removal rate.

In machining, too much contact between cutter and workpiece surface is easy to lead to tool failure.

A useful rule of thumb is to use a milling cutter whose diameter is about 1 / 2 of the narrowest part of the workpiece.

When the radius of the milling cutter is less than the narrowest part of the workpiece size, the cutter will have space to move around and can get the smallest knife-eating angle. Milling cutters can use more cutting edges and higher feed rates.

Besides, the diameter of the workpiece for the narrowest part of the size of 1 / 2 of the Milling Cutter, you can maintain a smaller angle to eat the cutter, and in the tool will not increase when turning.

The stiffness of the machine tool also helps to determine the size of the device to be used. For example, when cutting on a 40-taper machine tool, the milling cutter diameter should generally be less than 12.7 mm. Using a larger diameter milling cutter, on the other hand, can generate larger cutting forces than the machine can handle, resulting in chatter, deformation, Surface finish, and shorter tool life.

With newer high-speed tool paths, the milling cutter produces the same sound at the corners as it does when cutting straight. The milling cutter provides the same music throughout the cutting process, indicating that it has not subjected to significant thermal and mechanical impacts. The squeal of the milling cutter, each time it turns or cuts the corner, suggests that the cutter diameter may need to reduced to reduce the cutter’s angle. The sound of cutting remains constant, indicating that the cutting pressure is uniform and does not fluctuate with the geometry of the workpiece since the edge at which the cutter fed remains constant.

2.Milling of small parts

The large feed milling cutter is suitable for the milling of small parts, which can produce the effect of chip thinning and make it milling with a higher feed rate.

In the processing of spiral milling hole and milling rib plate, the cutter will inevitably have more contact with the processed surface, and the use of large feed milling cutter can minimize the connection with the surface of the workpiece, thus reducing cutting heat and tool deformation.

In these two kinds of processing, the big feed milling cutter is usually in the semi-closed state. Therefore, the maximum radial cutter step should be 25% of the diameter of the milling cutter, and the maximum z-direction cutting depth of each cutter should be 2% of the width of the milling cutter.

In the spiral milling hole, when the milling cutter cuts into the workpiece with the spiral cutter path, the spiral cutting angle is 2 ~ 3, until the Z direction cutting depth of the milling cutter diameter is 2%.

If the large feed milling cutter is in an open cutting state, its radial tool step depends on the hardness of the workpiece material.

When milling the workpiece with HRC30-50 hardness, the maximum radial level should be 5% of the diameter of the milling cutter; when the material hardness is higher than HRC50, the maximum radial step and the maximum z cutting depth of each level are 2% of the diameter of the milling cutter.

3.Milling Straight Wall

In the milling process with a flat rib plate or straight wall, the use of arc milling cutter the best effect. The 4-6 edge arc milling cutter is especially suitable for profile milling of parts with consecutive walls or very open.

The more the number of milling Cutter Blade, the higher the feed rate can be adopted.

However, the machining programmer still needs to minimize the surface contact between the tool and the workpiece and use a smaller radial cut width.

When machining on the machine with poor rigidity, it is advantageous to use the milling cutter with a smaller diameter, which can reduce contact with the surface of the workpiece.

The step distance and a cutting depth of the multi-edge arc milling cutter are the same as those of the large feed milling cutter. The cycloidal tool path can be used for grooving of hardened materials.

Ensure that the cutter diameter is about 50% of the groove width, enough space for the cutter to move and that the feed angle does not increase and generate too much heat.

The best tool for a particular process depends not only on the material to cut but also on the cutting and milling methods used. By optimizing tools, cutting speeds, feed rates, and machining programming skills, parts can be produced faster and better with lower processing costs.